Mizeipoah nih a tlangpi in hman khawhmi chawva khonning phun nga kherhhlainak

Note: Malaysia ka rak um lio, October 16,2011 ah chuahmi Faiceu The Chin Journal vol 3,No 140 ah ka rak tialmi capar ka rel than i ka lung a ka ton ngai rih caah ka van tar than.

Democracy, independence, federalism, Than Shwe, Suu Kyi ti bantuk political biafang pawl cu bawhkeuh kan si lio in ka theih peng nain open economy, free market, capitalism ti bantuk cu kan thei huaha lo. Kan ram uknak a chiat tuk hringhran caah a si ko. Asinain, Democracy tel in zei bantuk political systems hmanh a thawngmi economy loin caansau an dir kho lo. Cold War ah US nih Russia (Soviet Union) a teinak zoh tikah “nuclear” hriamnam tam deuh pi a ngeih ruang ah si loin Russia tluk in raldohnak hriamnam an ser bu ah a thangchomi an sipuazi ruang deuh ah a si. Russia cu hriamnam ser tei an rak ma tuk nain an sipuazi policies tha lomi ruang ah a rak car.
1990 hnu in an vun i awn than i nikum vawleicung billionaire thar tambik a chuaktu cu Russia a si tiah Forbes magazine nih an ti. Kan uknak zong ithleng hmanh sehlaw sipuazi tuah kan thiam lo ahcun zeite kan si hlei men lai lo. Theihhngalhnak kawlnak ah kan hnakhaw tung in kan mit pur deuh hram seh.

Nifatin khuasaknak ah a herhmi ti le rawl, hnipuan caah thlanti he rian kan tuan nain zeica'hdah kan si a fah chin hnga? Kan herhmi caah tiin kan duhmi hmanh tuah ngam lo le eiding ngam loin kan isum nain kan chambaunak a ngan chin. Vawlei kalning maw a palh? Asiloah, nu le pa cheu khat cawnpiakning bang, "Pathian nih an kan dawt tuk i an rum ahcun an ka philh sual lai" tiah a kan sifahter bia hna a si tak hnga maw? (Ar-tawdawp ei cu ningtihpannak an rak timi ceo he aa khah ka zumh!). A ruang tampi lakah thilman ai thlen (a tum/kai) ning tluk rang in kan chawva kan cawlcanghter thiam lo ruang ah a si ve.

Zapi kan hmuhmi nihlawh/phaisa a thanning ret nih thilman kaining ret a dawi kho lo. Vawleicung ah thilman aa thlenlonak ram/hmun a um lo. Tahchunhnak ah 2002 lioah nikhat na rak hmuhmi Kyats 1000 nih chiti thawl 4 a rak cawk khawh nain atu nikhat na hmuhmi Kyats 2500 nih chiti thawl 2 lawng a cawk khawh cang. Na hmuhmi a kanan a thang i a tam deuhmi a lo nain a taktak ahcun a tlawm deuh. Mi reprai ngai na si caah hmailei caanhar ton sual ah chiti thawl 4 tel cawknak ah tiin 2002 kum khat na hmuhmi chung in Ks 1000 cu na thingkuang tawne ah na fim ziar. 2010 Christmas zing sahlawh rualchan he rawlhrawmnak hman ding chiti cawknak ah na fimmi Ks 1000 te cu na vun chuah tikah thawl 4 cu chim lo, thawl khat hmanh a caw kho lo. Na phaisa fimmi a zat cu amah ningte a si ko. Sihmanhsehlaw, a ngeihmi cawkkhawhnak thazaang (purchasing power) 75% renglo a zawr. Cucu thilman kai (inflation) a si. Hruhman a fahter tuk i fimman a santer tuktu cu thilman kai/tum hi a si. Cucaah thanchonak ding ahcun rian fakpi in kan tuan hlei ah kan hmuhmi chawva kha thingkuang tawne ah si loin a hmanmi hmun___thilman kaining ret thei in a thannak ding hmun___ ah kan chiah/hman (invest) a herh.

Open economy/free market ah a tlangpi in mi zeipaoh nih hman khawhmi chawva khonning/karhterning phun nga a um. Cucu (1) Banks ah a karh in chiah, (2) Zuar than te ding in thilman ngeimi cawk/khon (collectibles), (3) Inn le lo cawk, (4) Bonds cawk le (5) Stock/share cawk an si :Thingkuang le bukbau tawne ah chiah ziar cu an itel lo hih! Kan Kawlram cu aa awngmi sipuaizi a si rih lo caah stock le bonds market cu chim lo mipi nih banks hman khawh a si huaha lo caah ATM (Automated Teller Machine) hmanh a um rih lo. Asinain caan khatkhat ahcun aa awng ve te hrim lai. A tuanh le a tlai lawng a si ko. Kan herh tukmi an si nain hi kong he pehtlai in theihhngalhnak kan bau ngai ruang ah phun khat hnu phun khat __an sining le an chiat/thatnak__in ka vun hrilhfiah/kherhhlai lai.

1. Banks ah a karh in chiah


Bank ah mi zeipaoh nih a karh in phaisa chiah khonning phun tampi a um i banks pakhat le pakhat nih hmun khat le hmun khat ah an pekmi a karh ret zong an i dang cio. Asinain, a tlangpi in an kalning kan fian khawhnak ding bawmtu ah accounts phun thum Saving Account, Monetary Fund Account, Certificate of Deposits (CD) a tawinak in ka vun langhter lai. An ningcang aa dang dih i an karh ret zong an idang dih. Caantawi ca deuh ah hmanmi an si caah “short-time invesment” ti zong ah auh an si.

Saving Account chung ah phun tamtuk in aa then rih i an phun le chiahmi tam/tlawm ning tuak in an karh ret zong an idang thiam. Tahchunhnak ah Malaysia um UN card aa tlaihmi nih kan hman khawhmi cu Hong Leong bank, basic/ordinary saving account a si. Basic saving account hi a hnawksak lo bikmi a si i a karh ret a niamcem ve. Account na awn bak in bank passbook le ATM le Cash Deposit Machine (phaisa laknak le rawnnak seh) hmankhawhnak ding caah “bank card” an in pek lai i RM 8 na liam lai. RM 10,000 tang na chiah ahcun kum khat 0.05% karh ret lawng a si. Deposit RM 10,000 cung chiah tu ahcun an karh ret aa dang i RM 100,000 cung caah cun 1.00% karh ret a si. Na phaisa nih a karhmi cu June thla dih ah voikhat, December thla dih ah voikhat pek a si___August thla dih tiang ah Malaysia thilman kaining ret cu 3.3% a si___ Malaysia ahcun saving account awnnak deposit ah a tlawmbik RM 20 a herh. Saving Account a thatnak cu chiahmi phaisa lohtlau lo ding in ven a si hlei ah duh/herh caan paoh ah na fimmi phaisa na lak khawh. A chiatnak cu a karh ret nih thilman kaining ret a dawi kho lo.

Certificate of Deposit (CD) le Monetary Market Fund Account hi an ikhahnak a tampi. Basic Saving Account nakin an herhmi ning le cang le deposit a tam deuh. An karh ret a sang deuh ve. CD cu atu na phaisa hi zat na chiahmi hi cu zat karh ret in cu tik/kha tik ah kan in pek than lai tiah banks he hnatlaknak na ngeihmi a si. Monetary Market Fund Account tu cu bank manager nih tawlrel piak i a karh hmuh ve ding in a sinah na phaisa na va ap timi theihtertu account a si. (CD hi bond a lo i Monetary Market Account hi Mutual fund/Unit Trust a lo). CD ah na chiahmi phaisa cu sung lo ding in cozah agency pakhatkhat (US ahcun FDIC) nih an ven nain Monetary Market Acount tu cu an veng lo. Cucaah Monetary Market Account nih a pekmi a karh a sang deuh tawn. Sungh taktak a har hlei ah thil ngan deuh tinhmi tuah khawh deuh hlan ah phaisa vun fimtanak ah an tha. Saving Account sawhsawh nak cun an karh ret a sang deuh ko nain  thilman kaining ret a dawi kho ve hlei tawn lo (Bank of America nih Kentucky ah a tlawmbik deposit $10,000 in awn khawhmi CD a karh an pekmi ret cu 0.50% a si__tukum US thilman kaining ret cu 3.8% a si).

Kan van kawm ahcun bank i phaisa chiah cu “direct” in sungh a um lo hlei ah duh/herh caan ah lak khawh a si i a tha ngai ko. Asinain a karh ret nih thilman kaining ret a dawi khawh lo caah phaisa tampi caansau chiahnak ding caah cun an tha lem lo. 2011 August thla tiang ah Malaysia ah 3.3% ret in thilman a kai i cozah (Bank Negara) nih a karh ret (interest rate) cu 3% ah an chiah. US ahcun 3.8% ret in thilman a kai nain harsatnak a tongmi an sipuaizi cawlcang kho deuh seh tiah Fed nih interest rate cu 0.25% lawng ah an chiah lio a si. The People’s Bank of China Monetary Policy committee tu nih cun Tuluk ram 6.2% thilman kaining ret tei in 6.56% ah interest rate an chiah lio a si. Cucaah kan dirhmun, a caan le thil kalning zoh buin bank hmanzia thiam izuam u sih.

2. Zuar than ding in thilman ngeimi cawk/khon (collectibles)


Man sang deuh in zuar than te ding ah khon khawhmi thil hi an tam hringhran. Milubenh (stamps) in hlan chan thilri (biar, darkhuang tbk), a dang thil mansung phunphun_____zuk suaimi (painting), hlanchan motor, Aung San zuk cuangmi phaisa ti bantuk____hi sipuazi caah cawk i khon khawh dih an si. Vawleicung thilri hi a hmunmi cu an um lo. Sihmanhsehlaw, an man an ithlen zungzal caah caan aa thlengmi chung ah na khonmi thil a rawhning nakin a man kaining a thawng deuh theu lai timi ruahchannak in tuahmi an si. Hi thil khon/zuarnak lei a thiammi nih cun chawva tampi hmuhnak ah an hman ko. Sihmanhsehlaw, mitam-u nih cun bawmtu tha ngaingai ah hman khawhmi chawva khonning lam a si lo. Zeicatiah khonmi thil an sining theih i rawk lo ding in fimtawl thiam le an man kalning ti bantuk theih a herh. Cucu caan saupi tonghthamnak (experience) deuh in thiammi a si caah cauk in tlawmte lawng cawn khawh a si (voi tampi sungh ta hnu lawng ah thiamnak lam a tam deuh tinak).

Kawlram/Laitlang hna ahcun ‘motor’ tha ngai cawk i mah nih chawlehnak ah hman hnu ah man tam deuh in zuar than khawh a si (hmailei tu ahcun aa thleng ve than ko lai. Ram thatnak ahcun aa bingtalet! Cucaah hlan chan___a hmasabik sermi Ferrari, World War I, II lio hmanmi tbk___motors hna a si tung lomi ‘motors’ tha taktak pawl khi ‘investments’ phunkhat an si tiin ruah hrimhrim lo ding. Zeicatiah an man a fah hlei ah an milhtlorhnak (maintenence) man an fak tuk i phaisa an heu khun. “Khuate pa nih khuapi thli aa dawp sual” timi kan lai phungtluk hi cinken a tlak taktak. Vawleicung technology a san tuk cang caah anmah nak tha a chuak colh hrim lai i tam deuh ah zuar cu chim lo a man an tum peng caah a zin hmanh in zuar than khawh an si lo.

Malaysia ah rian thaimlo zapi nih nikhat kan nihlawh cu RM40 hulham. Thla khat ah RM900-1000 hrawng kan hmuh. Phone cu ngeih lo awk tha lo a si caah icawk cio a hau ko. Asinain, tuaktan ikpak loin phone cawk kan hmang tuk! Cheukhat le bang (a bik in tlangval) cu phone chia tlaih kan duh lo i RM500 man hrawng kan icawk. A deh kan vun vuai pah hnu, kan cawknak in thla hnih hrawng ah kawl dawr ah kawl zuchia kan ri i kan phone cu kan den mei! Phone chia le kan duh lo, phone lo cun um awk a that fawn lo caah RM500 man kan icawk than. Van tuak hmanh sih! Nikhat ah RM 10 dengmang kan phone kuang man ah kan liam. Nikhat RM 200 hna a hmumi va si ahcun a poi tuk lem hnga lo! Kan hmuhmi dihlak i 25% bak kan phone kuang man lawng ah a kal! Inn hlanman, mei man, ti man, rawl man le Bus man kan vun zuh dih ahcun Laitlang nu le pa kuat ding cu chim lo zawtfah caan siikhan piahnak hmanh kan ngei tawn lo.

3. Inn le lo cawk


Mi tampi nih an itheih loin an tuahmi ‘Investments’ lakah a thabik a si tawnmi cu “inn le lo cawk” a si. Zeicatiah vawlei (innhmun/neel) man cu kai lei a panh deuh zungzal. Open economy ahcun inn man kaining ret nih thilman kaining ret dawi a hmang. Cu hlei ah cozah thami nih cun mipi nih inn fawi deuh in an cawk khawh nakhnga a karh ret niamte in banks hmang in phaisa cawih (mortgage) a si. Tahchunhnak ah US hna ahcun inn man dihlak chung ah zatuak 20 lawng liam colh (down payment) a hauh caah tukum ah $100,000 man inn pakhat na cawk i $20,000 lawng nangmah phaisa na liam. A tangmi $80,000 cu kum 15 chung ah a karh he cham than dih te ding in bank nih an in liam piak. US thilman kaining ret cu kum khat zatuak 3 a hei si hnga. Cucaah a chung ah hnangamte in na um hlei ah zatuak 3 thilman kainak tong in hmai kum atu tikah na inn man cu $103,000 a si. Voikhat vun zohnak in cun zatuak 3% lawng a karhmi a lo. Asinain, na liam taktakmi cu $20,000 lawng a si caah na phaisa hmanmi nih a kum khatnak ah zatuak 15% na miak tinak a si. Bank ah na chiahmi phaisa karh siseh a phunkip in na hmuhmi phaisa hna cu ngunkhuai an luat lo nain na inn man kaimi kum khat zatuak 3% caah ngunkhuai liam a um lo. Kum 15 a dih tikah cun thla tin tlawm tete in na cham caah na inn man leiba na ngeih ti lo hlei ah kum chiar zatuak 3 a man kaimi ruang ah na inn man cu $155,797 a si lai.1921 Noble prize in Physics a hmutu Albert Einstein cu laksawng a lak khawh ah innkhan khat ko in thawnglatu(reporters) pawl nih biahal ding in an rak hngah.An lak in pakhat nih a van i thawh i "vawleicung ah zeidah a thazang a thawng bik?" tiah a van hal.Einstein nih cun ruat huaha loin "ainenh thuat chin lengmangmi a karh (compound interest)" tiah a leh colh i innkhan cu nih thawng in a rak khat.Zeitlukin dah a hman ti cu a cunglei kan inn-man langhtermi nih tehte a khan ko.


Inn le lo cawk cu cathiam tuk le thil sining theih tuk zong hau lem loin tuah khawhmi ‘investment’ tha tuk a si caah caan sau timhtuahnak (planning) ngeih buin kan itimh ding a si. Inn man a fak tuk caah zatuak 20 lawng liam chung ding hmanh hi mitam-u caah cun thil fawi lo a si thiamthiam. Inn hnihnak le inn thumnak ti bantuk cawknak ding ah  liam colh a herhmi le ‘mortgage’ zong a sang deuh ve. Sipuazi tuahnak le umnak ding caah kan herh lo nain inn tampi cawk tu cu a tha tuk lem lo (Inn zuar le mi inn hlanh in pawcawmnak a tuahmi ca bel ahcun phun dang). Mipi nih inn le lo ngei hna seh law ramchung ah hnangam deuh in khuasa kho hna seh timi itinh in George W Bush cozah nih mortgage fawi tuk in an rak pekmi cu banks nih caan tawi a miak hmuhnak ding caah phaisa a luhning a thawng tung lomi mipi sinah ningcang loin an zuar ruang ah an leiba an cham kho lo i a donghnak ah an itartahak dih caah 2008 financial crisis a chuaknak a si.

4. Bonds cawk


“Bonds man a tla, bonds kan caw” an ti tawn i bonds cu zeibantuk ko dah a si? Cozah/company ngan pipi pawl nih phaisa cawinak ah an hmanmi__atu ah hi zat phaisa na kan cawihmi hi cutik kum/caan ah cuzat karh ret in kan in cham than lai” tiah biakamnak langhtertu catlap__a si. Ka chim cangmi “Certificate of Deposits (CDs)” he khan an kalning cu aa lo nain hmuh thannak ding caan a rauh deuh caah a karh ret a sang deuh. Cun cham thannak ding caan a sau deuh ning paoh in a karh ret a san deuh hlei ah a fekbak/leiba a cham kho hrim lai tiah ruahmi cozah/company hna nih an pekmi karh ret an niam deuh tawn. Tahchunhnak ah US cozah nih kum nga ah cham than ding in a chuahmi “bonds” nih a pekmi a karh ret nakin kum hra ah cham te ding in a chuahmi “bonds” nih a pekmi a karh ret a sang deuh. US cozah le Japan cozah cu an dirhmun fehning/midang nih zumhning aa dan caah ‘kum nga’ ah a hmin dingmi (mature) US cozah bonds nih a pekmi a karh ret nakin kum nga ah a hmin dingmi Japan cozah bonds nih a pekmi a karh ret a sang deuh. Cucaah leiba cawih ding tlingtlaknak tahtu company (credit rating company) pakhat a simi Standard&Poor nih US cozah leiba cawih ding ah an tlintlaknak dirhmun cu AAA in AA+ ah an thumhmi cung ah US cozah an thin a hung tuk i president Obama nih a soisel len hna nak a si.

Bonds cawk cu sunghnak ding a um lo ti tluk a si nain a miak a hrawk khotu ral pathum an um. (1) A hmin (mature) hlan/cham thannak ding nithla a phak hlan ah na zuar tikah na ruahmi man in zuar a har (market ah bonds man a tum lio a si sual ahcun a har chinchin), (2) na cawkmi bonds a chuahtu (issuer) cozah/company harsatnak a tong i tlamtling in an cham kho than lo (default), (3) na cawkmi bonds a hmin hlan chung ah thilman fakpi in a kai (inflation). Khuaruat kho pi le pu cheukhat nih cun phaisa in si loin cozah/company bonds hmang in an tu le fa ro an vuih tawn hna. Cu ti cun kum no lio phaisa tampi ngeihnak ruang ah a chuak tawnmi nunzia rawhralnak in khamh an izuamnak lam pakhat ah an hman. Vawleicung ah bonds a chuahbik/zuarbik tu cu US cozah pi a si. Atu an ngeihmi leiba US$14.35 trillion hi ‘bonds’ an zuarmi in a rami lawngte a si.

5. Stock/share cawk


‘Stock/share’ timi cu bonds bantuk in catlap a si ve nain a karh he cham than ding in cawimi phaisa langhtertu catlap a si lo. A chuahtu company i a cheuchum ngeitu na si ve tinak langhtertu  a si. Tahchunhnak ah Coca Cola company nih pakhat khat ruang ah phaisa an herh i share sing khat an chuah i share pakhat ah US$100 a si. Cu an chuahmi cu puaisa (stock broker) hmang in an zuar i nang nih $10,000 in share 100 na cawk ve. Cutik ah na cawknak puaisa nih Coca Cola company i share 100/0.1% a ngeitu na si ti langhternak ah an pekmi catlap a si. Cucaah Coca Cola nih chiatnak a ton ah na share man a tum lai i na phaisa na sung lai. Vanchiat ahcun a dihlak zong in! A thancho a si ahcun an share/stock man a kai ve lai. Cun a ngeitu na si ve caah kum dih (stock/shareholder) meeting an in sawm lai i kum khat chung company a cawlcanghning (an sunghning le an miakning, an iruahchanmi tbk) report ca an in pek hlei ah a miak tampi an hmuh a si ahcun zeimawzat (dividend) an in pek ve lai. Asinain Coca Cola company nih a miak hrimhrim lai tiah chim awk a tha lo. An share na cawk lioah kan miak hrimhrim lai tiah aamahkhan zong an in pek lo caah an sungh i rian in an idinh sual a si zong ah an leiba dang an cham dih hnu lawng ah a tangmi phaisa a um sual ahcun na share ngeihmi zat tuak in tinconak nawl na ngei ve lai.

October 5, 2011 ah an co-founder, ex-CEO le chairman, Steve Jobs nih vawleicung nunnak in  a liamtakmi Apple Inc stock hmanh aa thlenning chikhat vun zohnak in “share” le ‘bond’ nih a miak an hmuh khawhning aa dannak kan vun zoh lai. 1997 July thla ah Apple Inc share pakhat ah US$17.50 lawng a rak si nain Oct 2011 ahcun $420 a phan. Cucaah 1997 lioah Apple share a cawmi (shareholder) nih kum 14 chung ah an phaisa a let 24 in a karh an hmuh lawng si loin kum tin company nih a miakmi chung in cheukhat (dividend) pek an si fawn. Asinain Apple Inc nih an chuahmi ‘bonds’ i a karh ret cu a kai bal lo. Kaiter phung zong a si lo. Zeibantuk cozah/company hmanh nih an chuahmi bonds nih a pekmi a karh ret an kaiter bal lo. Investors nih ‘share/stock’ cawknak in a sang deuhmi ‘risks’ an ikhinh ruang ah laksawng tam deuh pek an si ve.

Share/stock cawk cu sungh sual khawhnak lam a tam ngai caah cawk dingmi company kong hlathlai le tuaktan khawh ngaingai a herh. Cucaah share/stock ngeih a duh tung nain a tuaktan kho lomi caah tiin phaisa lei tawlrel thiammi manager nih awnmi Mutual Fund/Unit Trust tampi an um. Khon khawhmi (collectibles) thil pawl cu thlichia le tilet, mei tibantuk ral in an luat lo. ‘Bonds’ le ‘share/stock’ catlap cu na thlau sual a si zong ah na cawknak cozah/company nih an in pek than lai. Holland company pakhat United Dutch East India Company nih 1602, Amsterdam khua ah an rak zuarmi stock cu mipi sin zuar hmasabikmi stock a si i vawleicung Stock Exchange nganbik cu New York Stock Exchage (NYSE) a si.

References:
http://beginnersinvest.about.com/cs/banking/a/062501a.htm
http://www.hlb.com.my/qa/ir/irsa.jsp
http://www.hlb.com.my/qa/ir/irsa.jsp
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/united-states/indicators
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/malaysia/interest-rate
http://www.bankofamerica.com/deposits/checksave/index.cfm?template=ecommDepRates
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collectable
http://www.womens-finance.com/mortgage/houseinvest.shtml
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subprime_mortgage_crisis
http://finance.yahoo.com/q/hp?s=AAPL+Historical+Prices
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_market
http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/bondmarket.asp#axzz1b7OUrXyJ